People with no electronics experience have no business poking around in a 360 with a multi-meter, or anything else for that matter, and are likely going to make things worse in most cases even trying.
How to repair it depends on what's wrong with it, even if it's something easy to find like a short on the 12v line, there are a lot of things that could cause that one issue. So if ya don't have at least some basic troubleshooting knowledge and know how things in there work and should be checked anything I tell ya is not going to make sense, like checking for a short on the voltage lines. If ya don't know that means Ohm them out to ground and see what the Resistance is then you're not going to find out even the most simple troubleshooting information for anyone to even try and guess what the problem may be. Have someone that does know how to use a multi-meter do the checks and see what the results are. You've already ruled out the PSU as the problem, so it has to be something on the motherboard, though exactly what could be any number of things. I'd start where ever you were messing around at, since it worked before and now it doesn't. Even though it was showing the 0102 that's still at least powering up, 0001 is usually a short of some kind somewhere and not powering up, and that was caused by something you most likely did to it trying to repair the 0102 error.
Pull the motherboard out of the metal cage and see if it still has the 0001 as well. Keep the heatsinks on it and the fans moving air over them as well in case it does start up.